JN.1 is the most recently developed variant of the COVID-19 virus, and it is currently the most widely circulating variant. It is derived from the BA.2.86 variant, another Omicron subvariant. JN.1 was first discovered in Luxembourg and the United States, in late August, 2023, and by December, there was an increased presence seen in Europe, China, and Mexico.
As of December 19, 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified JN.1 as a variant of concern, potentially being more easily transmissible and/or severe in its symptoms than previous variants. However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that there is currently no evidence that JN.1 is any more severe than previous variants, and that the risk to public health is low.
That being said, the CDC still regards COVID-19 in its totality as “a serious public health threat,” especially to vulnerable populations at higher risk of severe illness, such as older adults, infants, people with weakened immune systems or chronic health conditions, and pregnant women.
What sets JN.1 apart from other variants is the ease with which it is transmitted, having the ability to elude the immune system better than other variants. Despite this, CDC experts say that it has not yet displayed a great impact on the total number of COVID-19 cases.
In reference to its symptoms, JN.1 manifests most frequently in the form of sneezing and coughing; some cases have also noted the appearance of a sore throat. A loss of smell and taste, which has previously been characteristic of COVID-19 infections, is no longer exhibited.
The WHO states that current vaccines against COVID-19 continue to protect against this new variant. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are the most up-to-date vaccines available to date, and remain to be effective.
Although JN.1 does not represent a high risk so far, authorities recommend following the general recommendations for treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Individuals are still advised to stay up to date with the vaccination schedule, including updated doses.
During the winter season, when respiratory diseases are most prevalent, it is essential to wear a mask in closed or poorly ventilated spaces. It is also still advised that a safe distance be kept between people, that individuals wash their hands regularly, and that homes be properly ventilated for air circulation.
Practicing these recommendations is integral to preventing transmission, not just for ourselves but to protect those around us. It is recommended to get tested when symptoms arise, or if you have been exposed to someone with COVID-19 or flu. If you are sick, be sure to stay home for 5 to 7 days, until your symptoms disappear.
References:
https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/whats-new/JN.1-update-2024-01-05.html
https://www.eltiempo.com/salud/que-se-sabe-de-la-nueva-variante-jn-1-del-coronavirus-covid-19-841352
https://www.reuters.com/world/us/cdc-says-jn1-variant-accounts-about-62-covid-cases-us-2024-01-05/
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